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Automotive Domain
The availability of low-cost computational-powerful micro-controllers has made it possible to extend the performance and the functionality of the embedded controllers used in automotive industry to limits that were unthinkable only a few years ago. Nowadays, top class cars are equipped with many (more than 80) embedded controllers that handle different subsystems, such as engine, gear, brakes, suspensions, windows, and dash-board.
The every increasing complexity and challenges of the automotive requirements in terms of drivability, safety, emissions and fuel consumption imposed by car manufacturers and regulations call for more powerful design approaches and expose the need for a more structured and accurate design flow. The adopted design methodologies have to ensure the development of embedded systems achieving the requested specification and meeting the extremely tight cost and development-time constraints imposed by the market.
Hybrid system techniques can provide significant contributions to the improvement of the design flow for embedded systems in the automotive industry, since they allow to clearly represent the complex combination of time and event-based behaviors as well as the interactions between continuous and discrete phenomena. Hybrid formalisms and methodologies proved to be very effective in handling several critical issues of the design flow such as:
- formalization of system specifications;
- representation of embedded controller inputs/outputs;
- plant and environment modeling;
- representation of multirate asynchronous control loops;
- description of the control-flow and data-flow components of control algorithms;
- validation and verification of control algorithms and their implementations;
- description of the HW/SW implementation requirements.